Psyche Spacecraft Sends Data Across 140 Million Miles

Image from NASA

On April 2024, NASA's Psyche spacecraft successfully sent a laser transmission of data through Deep Space Optical Communications (DSOC) over a distance of about 140 million miles. (Reported by press media)

This was a record for laser link distance and means that high-bandwidth optical comms are becoming feasible for deep space. It also complements radio frequency systems to offer more rapid data rates. The test paves the way for future missions capable of sending back more science data to Earth quicker.

As missions extend (Moon, Mars, outer planets), bandwidth demands scale up. A working laser link reduces latency and enhances throughputs.

Impacts and Next Steps

One of the immediate payoffs is that future spacecraft may both carry radio and optical comm hardware and choose the best channel given distance and visibility. Psyche's success gives confidence in the extension of optical links.

One difficulty is pointing accuracy and stability: lasers must be precisely pointed, especially over millions of miles. Engineers will fine-tune tracking, optics, and modulation to make the links robust.

Finally, as missions make greater use of optical communication, ground infrastructure must adapt (laser ground stations, receiving telescopes). The April test is guidance for planning infrastructure.